Multilateralism in the Twenty-First Century

The rise of geostrategic rivalry between the United States and China is changing international cooperation. As seeks new influence to contain reduce its own obligations, three dimensions multilateralism are becoming particularly important. first management superpower rivalry, through formal treaties, informal arrangements among states, institutions. second capacity leadership any institution foster cooperation beyond immediate preferences one or another most powerful member states. third dimension legitimacy on which authority institutions rests. evolution these elements will shape future multilateralism, by I refer created agreed states facilitate enshrining commitments diffuse reciprocity peaceful dispute settlement. analysis history variations in current practice underscores several ways could be sustained even as US-China strengthens. Global agencies can play a crucial role finding highlighting areas where competition coexist, their capacities pool information, transactions costs, broker monitor agreements assist. This, turn, requires high-quality people who effectively countries, persuade countries resources, attract organize an effective highly motivated staff. Such positive ongoing action define what required for they collectively create, seek proven competence each domain before appointing leaders, performance. Finally, buttress better ensure participation all stakeholders, respond rapidly global crises provide public goods.